Learning outcomes |
1) Be able to apply abstract notions -- such as 'imago', 'eikôn', 'eidôlon', symbol, 'ius imaginum', 'repraesentatio', and "mimèsis" -- in different situations. 2) Be able to make substantiated judgments about historical and cultural processes. For example, the relation between the origin of images in the past and the awareness of death; the concealment of the image by "realm of visual" (R.Debray, H.Belting), and so forth; 3) To be able to explain, in general, the relative value that the images assume in the pagan, Jewish, Christian, and Islamic religions. 4) To be able to explain and justify notions such as iconoclasm, idolatry, 'iconodoulia', and ‘representatio’. 5) Be able to identify, comment on, explain and critique, from texts, theoretical models of appreciation to images: for example, the mimetic model of ontological degradation; 7) Recognize and explain the type of "ontology of the image" present in contemporary texts, works, movements, and authors.
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Syllabus |
INTRODUCTION: presentation: teacher, students, program, work materials, methodology, and evaluation. On the designation Theory of Image.
1. IMAGE, DEATH AND DOUBLE. The mythical and ancestral desire to figure. The 'immortalizing' power of images.
2. THE PARADIGM OF MIMETIC DEGRADATION (PLATON). The imaginal mimêsis as ontological degradation of Idea (eîdos/idéa). The Allegory of the Cave and the myth of the "three beds".
3. FROM THE PROHIBITION OF THE IMAGES TO THE "SYMBOLIC ANIMAL". The "idolatrous" desire to see and touch in contrast with the religious prohibition: "You will not make images!" The problematic relationship between images, power, and humor. Reductionist Hermeneutics and the new "ontology of the image".
4. FROM THE 'CLOSED WORK' - R. Barthes: the photograph 'this-was' - TO THE 'OPEN WORK': U. Eco and H.-G. Gadamer: pictures as «increase of being».
CONCLUSION. Hyperreality and deep-fake.
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Main Bibliography |
BARTHES Roland, A Câmara Clara. Nota sobre a fotografia, Edições 70, Lisboa, 2006
BAUDRILLARD Jean, Simulacros e Simulação, Lisboa, Relógio D'Água, 1991
BELTING Hans, A Verdadeira Imagem. Entre a fé e a suspeita das imagens: cenários históricos, Porto, Edição Dafne Editora, 2011.
CASSIRER Ernst, Ensaio sobre o Homem, Lisboa, Guimarães Editores, 1995.
DEBRAY Régis, Vie et mort de l’image, Éditions Gallimard, Paris, 1992
DURAND Gilbert, A Imaginação Simbólica, Lisboa, Edições 70, 1995
ECO Umberto, Obra Aberta, Lisboa, Difel, 1989.
GADAMER Hans-Georg, Verdad y metodo I. Salamanca, Sígueme, 1993;
GARCIA FERNANDEZ E., et alii, Historia general de la imagen. Perspectivas de la comunicación audiovisual, Univ. Europea, CEES Ediciones, Madrid, 2000.
MARTINE Joly, A imagem e a sua interpretação, Edições 70, Lisboa, 2002.
PLATÃO, A República, Lisboa, FCG, 1987 (Livros VII e X).
VILLAFAÑE Justo, Introducción a la teoría de la imagen, Madrid, Pirámide, 1992.
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