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General and Ocular Pharmacology

Code 12401
Year 1
Semester S1
ECTS Credits 6
Workload PL(15H)/TP(45H)
Scientific area Biomedical Sciences
Entry requirements To know the basic knowledge on Cellular and Molecular Biology, General and Ocular Physiology and General Chemistry
Learning outcomes - Understanding of the general principles of pharmacology, the classification, and characteristics of different types of drugs;
- Understanding the characteristics of the main drugs and other agents that interfere with the eye;
- Interpreting pharmacological and toxicological data on the main drugs used in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of eye conditions;
- Identifying and characterizing the different forms and routes of administration used in the prevention and treatment of eye conditions and in diagnostic tests and visual examinations;
- To evaluate indication, administration, and monitoring of the effects of diagnostic ocular medications;
- To describe, justify, and apply the criteria governing the rational use of ocular agents, as well as apply the procedures necessary for detecting adverse ocular reactions.

Syllabus Theoretical and Practical:
General principles of pharmacology; Routes of drug administration; Drug absorption and distribution; Sites of drug action; Drug metabolism and elimination; Administration dynamics.
General principles of ocular pharmacokinetics; Ophthalmic formulations; Administration of ophthalmic medications; Drugs used to treat ocular pathologies; Determinants of adverse drug reactions; Adverse ocular effects of drugs used for other treatments.
Practical:
Researching information on general and ocular pharmacotoxicology; obtaining and analyzing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters; dosage forms, dosage, and requirements for topical ocular preparations; basic pathological and pharmacological evaluation in ocular diagnosis and therapy.
Main Bibliography - Terapêutica medicamentosa e suas bases farmacológicas, S. Guimarães, D. Moura, P.S. Silva, 6ª Edição, Porto Editora, 2014, ISBN: 978-972-0-01794-9.
- Compêndio de farmacologia médica, M.J.Neil, Instituto Piaget, 2000, ISBN: 972-771-866-3.
- Rang & Dale's Pharmacology, H.P. Rang, J.M. Ritter, R.J. Flower, G. Henderson, 7th Edition, Elsevier, 2012, ISBN: 9780702034718.
- Clinical Ocular Pharmacology, J.D. Bartlett and S.D. Jaanus, 5th Edition, Elsevier, 2008, ISBN: 9780750675765.
- Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, L. Brunton, B. Chabner, B. Knollman, 12th Edition, McGraw Hill, 2011, ISBN-13: 978-0071624428.
- Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects, F. Fraunfelder, F. Fraunfelder, W. Chambers, 7th Edition, Elsevier, 2014, ISBN: 9780323319843.
- Ocular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ed: B.C. Gilger, Humana Press - Springer, 2014, ISBN: 978-1-62703-744-0.
Teaching Methodologies and Assessment Criteria There will be 3 TP frequencies and 1 PL frequency, and there will be evaluated the participation/attitudes of the student throughout the classe

Score = 0.25xNote 1st Freq.TP + 0.25xNote 2nd Freq.TP + 0.225xNote 3rd Freq.TP + 0.025xNote participation/attitudes in TP classes + 0.025xNote participation/attitudes in PL classes + 0.225xNote of PL frequency

The student must have the minimum attendance required, perform all laboratory work, perform all frequencies and achieve the minimum grade of 6 values to grant frequency and be admitted to examination (75% part TP + 25% part PL).
Language Portuguese. Tutorial support is available in English.
Last updated on: 2025-10-16

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