| Code |
12512
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| Year |
2
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| Semester |
S2
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| ECTS Credits |
6
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| Workload |
PL(30H)/TP(30H)
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| Scientific area |
Optometria
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Entry requirements |
There are no entry requirements
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Mode of delivery |
Face-to-face.
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Work placements |
Not applicable.
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Learning outcomes |
Objectives:
- Integrate the knowledge of anatomy, physiology and neuroscience in the study of binocularity.
- Understand the operating principles of instruments and methods for binocular vision examination.
- Integrate different methods of optometric examination to study the refractive and binocular status.
At the end of this course the student should be able to:
- Understand the operating principles of the equipments;
- Knowing the various options for optical refractive compensation in distance vision and near vision;
- Understanding the characteristics of binocular vision;
- Know how to perform the techniques for the study of binocularity;
- To determine the influence of the binocular examination results in refraction;
- Know the characteristics of anisometropy and aniseikonia.
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Syllabus |
Theoretical-practical classes:
1. observation and recognition of clinical signs using objective techniques;
2. Accommodative Analysis: Delay and accommodative response, negative and positive relative accommodation (NRA and PRA), monocular and binocular accommodative flexibility (MAF and BAF) and methods of near vision evaluation and refractive adding prescription;
3. Introduction to binocular vision;
4. Methods of dissociation of binocular vision: Phoria, vergence and duction;
5. Accommodation-convergence relationship: AC/A ratio;
6. Anisometropia and Aniseikonia: Definition, classification, epidemiology and etiology, signs and symptoms, clinical examination and prescription.
Laboratory classes:
1. Bruckner, Hirchberg, Krimsky, Cover-test;
2. MEM, Nott, Bell and stationary cross-cylinders;
3. NRA/PRA and MAF/BAF;
4. MEO, Worth 4 lights and estereopsis, and associate phoria;
5. Von Graefe phoria;
6. Von Graefe vergence and duction;
7. Induced phoria;
8. AC/A;
9. Methodology integration
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Main Bibliography |
- Scheiman MM, Wick B (2008). Clinical management of binocular vision: heterophoric, accommodative and eye movement disorders. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
- Elliott D., Clinical Procedures in Primary Eye Care, Butterworth Heinemann Elsevier, 3rd edition, 2007 – Pag.131-132; 194-195
- Benjamin W.J., Borish´s Clinical Refraction, Butterworth Heinemann Elsevier, 2nd edition, 2006 – Pag. 145-191
- Furlan W., Monreal J.G., Escrivá L.M., Fundamentos de optometria – Refracción Ocular, Universitat de València, 2ª edición, 2009 – Pag. 102-104
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Language |
Portuguese. Tutorial support is available in English.
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