Toxicology

Code	13665
Year	4
Semester	A1
ECTS Credits	6
Workload	PL(30H)/T(30H)
Scientific area	Ciências Farmacêuticas
Entry requirements	knowledge of analytical methods and pharmacology
Mode of delivery	- THEORETICAL CLASSES Magistral and tutorial classes (assistance is mandatory, and a maximum of 15% nonattendance is allowed), following the program defined in accordance with the objectives. - LABORATORIAL CLASSES Tutorial classes, conducted by a professor (assistance is mandatory), to revise in depth some of the themes learned in the magistral classes, using an experimental approach.
Work placements	Not applicable
Learning outcomes	. Basic knowledge on Toxicology, and on the main factors influencing toxicity. . To understand the importance of drug interactions and their effect on the toxic phenomenon. . To know the basic techniques used in Toxicology and their applications. At the end of the curricular unit the student should be able to: Have an adequate understanding of toxicological concepts; Describe adequately the stages of the toxic process; Understand the biotransformation processes in the living being; Evaluate the toxic effects and perform the most adequate tests; Know the mechanisms of drug interactions and their toxic effects; Use the methods and techniques needed for the toxicological research, particularly in what concerns basic and analytical aspects; Know and use general tools of the scientific approach and use basic toxicology-related sources of information.
Syllabus	Theoretical Program (modules) UP1- Introduction to Toxicology UP2- Forensic and Clinical Toxicology, Types of Samples, and Methodologies UP3- Toxicity of Toxic and Potentially Toxic Metals UP4- Toxicity of Gases, Solvents, and Vapors UP5- Toxicity of Pesticides UP6- Toxicity of Pharmaceuticals UP7- Toxicity of Drugs of Abuse UP8- Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault UP9- Laboratory Analysis Laboratory Program: T1: Determination of Salicylates, Alkaloids, and Barbiturates in Urine Samples T2-3: Determination of Heavy Metals in Water Samples by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy T4: Determination of Xenobiotics by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry in Tandem T5: Determination of Paraquat in Urine Samples T6: Research of Toxic Substances in the Context of Clinical/Forensic Toxicology: Case Analysis T7: Determination of Adulterants in Drugs of Abuse T8: Determination of cannabinoids in retail market products.
Main Bibliography	Klaassen CD, Amdur MO, Doull J.Casarett & Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons. 9thEd, New York, McGraw-Hill, 2019. Clarke EGC.Clarke’s Isolation and Identification of drugs. 4thEd, London, Pharmaceutical Press, 2011. Hayes AW.Principles and methods of toxicology. 6ª Ed, Philadelphia, CRC Press, 2014. Baselt RC.Disposition of Toxic Drugs & Chemicals in Man. 12thEd, Foster City, CA, Biomedical Publications, 2020. Ellenhorn MJ.Ellenhorn’s Medical Toxicology: Diagnosis and Treatment of human poisoning. 2ªnd, Baltimore, Willians & Wilkins, 1997. Gisbert Calabuig JA, Villanueva Cañadas E.Medicina legal y toxicología. 7thEd, Barcelona,Masson, 2018. Gallardo E, Queiroz JA. The role of alternative specimens in toxicological analysis.Biomed. Chromatogr. 2008;22:795-821. Jefferey GH, et al. Vogel:Análise Química Quantitativa, 6thEd, Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara-Koogan, 2002. Skoog D, et al.Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 9thEd, Fort Worth, Saunders College Publishing, 2013.
Language	Portuguese. Tutorial support is available in English.