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  4. History of Political Ideas I

History of Political Ideas I

Code 17772
Year 1
Semester S1
ECTS Credits 6
Workload OT(15H)/TP(45H)
Scientific area Ciência Política
Entry requirements Not applicable.
Learning outcomes This curricular unity aims to enable students to:
– identify the main political ideas of ancient and medieval political thought;
– understand the intellectual context of these ideas, as well as their influence on the history of Western political thought;
– reflect on the relevance of ancient and medieval political ideas to contemporary experience.

Since the learning objectives depend on understanding essential works and authors from the ancient and medieval periods, the teaching methodology involves expository segments, which will introduce these authors and works, as well as practical or applied segments, in which students will be presented with excerpts and tasked with interpreting, commenting on, and discussing them. Questions and dialogue will be encouraged in order to consolidate knowledge of the works and authors studied, and also to develop reflections on their contemporary relevance.
Syllabus 1. The origins of ancient political thought and the importance of Solon’s reflections on justice.

2. Plato’s Republic:
2.1. The definition of justice;
2.2. The ideal regime and its viability;
2.3. Criticism of flawed regimes.

3. Aristotle’s Politics:
3.1. Polis, community, and the good life;
3.2. Discussion of various regimes;
3.3. Characterization of the ideal regime.

4. Hellenistic political thought: Stoic cosmopolitanism and Epicurean contractualism.

5. Augustine's City of God:
5.1. Two loves and two cities: the earthly city and the city of God.
5.2. War, domination, and peace.

6. Thomas Aquinas:
6.1. The Thomistic conception of regnum.
6.2. The definition of law and its various types.

7. The relationship between temporal power and spiritual power in Dante and Marsilius of Padua.
Main Bibliography 1. Core readings
AGOSTINHO, Santo, A cidade de Deus, 2 vols., trad. de J. D. Pereira, Lisboa, Gulbenkian, 2000.
AQUINAS, Thomas, Political Writings, ed. e trad. de R. W. Dyson, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2002.
ARISTÓTELES, Política, trad. de A. C. Amaral e C. C. Gomes, Lisboa, Vega, 1998.
LONG, A.A., & SEDLEY, D. N. (eds.), The Hellenistic Philosophers, vol. 1, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1987.
PLATÃO, A república, trad. de M. H. R. Pereira, 9.ª edição, Lisboa, Gulbenkian, 2000.
LEÃO, Delfim, Sólon: Ética e Política, Lisboa, Gulbenkian, 2001, pp. 401-458.

2. Supplementary readings
BURNS, J. H. (ed.), The Cambridge History of Medieval Political Thought c.350–c.1450, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
ROWE, Christopher, and SCHOFIELD, Malcolm (eds.), The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Political Thought, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Teaching Methodologies and Assessment Criteria The final grade is based on:
1) two attendance tests (the first will count for 40% and the second for 50%);
2) participation in classes and assignments (10%) according to the direct observation method.
Students who have a minimum of 10 points in the final grade are exempt from the exam.
Students who attend classes but do not meet the attendance requirements must take the exam (except in cases provided for by law). Students who are absent for the entire semester and never contact the teacher will not be admitted to the exam.
Students who take the exam will receive the exam grade (if positive) or the best grade (if they have met the attendance requirements and have more than 10 points in the final grade).
Language Portuguese. Tutorial support is available in English.
Last updated on: 2025-09-17

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