Toxicology

Code	8446
Year	1
Semester	S2
ECTS Credits	6
Workload	PL(30H)/T(30H)
Scientific area	Biochemistry
Entry requirements	Previous knowledge of biotoxicology or some area of ??toxicology, clinical analysis and analytical methods
Mode of delivery	Face to face
Learning outcomes	The main objetives are: •To provide basic knowledge on Toxicology, and on the main factors influencing toxicity. •To understand the importance of drug interactions and their effect on the toxic phenomenon. •To know the basic techniques used in Toxicology and their applications. At the end of the curricular unit the student should be able to: •Have an adequate understanding of toxicological concepts. •Describe adequately the stages of the toxic process. •Understand the biotransformation processes in the living being. •Evaluate the toxic effects and perform the most adequate tests. •Know the mechanisms of drug interactions and their toxic effects. •Use the methods and techniques needed for the toxicological research,particularly in what concerns basic and analytical aspects. •Know and use general tools of the scientific approach. •Use basic toxicology-related sources of information.
Syllabus	Theoretical Program 1.Introduction to toxicology 2.Forensic and Clinical toxicology, biological samples 3.Disposition, biotransformation and toxicity of toxic and potentially toxic metals 4.Disposition, biotransformation and toxicity of solvents and vapours 5.Disposition, biotransformation and toxicity of pesticides 6.Disposition, biotransformation and toxicity of drugs 7.Disposition, biotransformation and toxicity of drugs of abuse 8- Analytical techniques applied to toxicology Laboratory Program -Protocol 1: Determination of alkaloids and drugs in urine samples. -Protocol 2-3: Determination of heavy metals in water samples by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. -Protocol 4-5: Determination of impurities in drugs of abuse. -Protocol 6: Detection of toxic substances in the context of Clinical and Forensic Toxicology: case study. -Protocol 7-8: Determination of pesticides in plasma samples by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry; determination of cannabinoids
Main Bibliography	Required reading: Klaassen CD, Amdur MO, Doull J.Casarett & Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons. 8ªEd, New York, McGraw-Hill, 2013. Clarke EGC.Clarke’s Isolation and Identification of drugs. 4ªEd, London, Pharmaceutical Press, 2011. Hayes AW.Principles and methods of toxicology. 6ª Ed, Philadelphia, CRC Press, 2014. Baselt RC.Disposition of Toxic Drugs & Chemicals in Man. 9ªEd, Foster City, CA, Biomedical Publications, 2011. Ellenhorn MJ.Ellenhorn’s Medical Toxicology: Diagnosis and Treatment of human poisoning. 2ªEd, Baltimore, Willians & Wilkins, 1997. Gisbert Calabuig JA, Villanueva Cañadas E.Medicina legal y toxicología. 6ªEd, Barcelona,Masson, 2004. Gallardo E, Queiroz JA. The role of alternative specimens in toxicological analysis.Biomed. Chromatogr. 2008;22:795-821. Jefferey GH, et al. Vogel:Análise Química Quantitativa, 6ªEd, Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara-Koogan, 2002. Skoog D, et al.Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 9ªEd, Fort Worth, Saunders College Publis
Teaching Methodologies and Assessment Criteria	Final grade = component A (40%) + component B (10%) + component C (50%) A- Laboratorial component: classification of the evaluation of the knowledge acquired in the practical component (60%); performance in the laboratory through posture and ease in laboratory execution (35%) and punctuality (5%). The students must have at least 9.5/20 points in order to approve. B- Written group work on a case of intoxication associated with art or history. The students must have at least 9.5/20 points in order to approve. C-Theoretical assessment: Test of modules 1 to 3 (30%) + Test of modules 4 to 5 (30%) + Test of modules 6 to 8 (40%). The students must have at least 9.5/20 points in order to approve. Final Classification (without test of modules) =(theoretical evaluation x 0.5)+(Factor a x 0.40) + (Factor b x 0.10).
Language	Portuguese. Tutorial support is available in English.