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Physical Chemistry

Physical Chemistry

Code	14935
Year	2
Semester	S1
ECTS Credits	6
Workload	T(30H)/TP(30H)
Scientific area	Chemistry
Entry requirements	None
Learning outcomes	Study the behavior of real gases and how to correlate the different variables. Apply the laws of thermodynamics to real systems. Know how to relate internal energy, enthalpy and Gibbs free energy. Know Maxwell relations and how to apply them. Study the laws of Raoult and Henry. Interpret phase diagrams of pure substances and mixtures. Understand the chemical and electrochemical equilibrium. Apply Thermodynamic principles to solve numerical problems
Syllabus	Properties of gases. Laws of Thermodynamics: applications of the 1st and 2nd laws to real systems. Difference between heat capacities at pressure and at constant volume. Thermochemistry. Heat of reaction: reaction enthalpy and standard enthalpy. Relationship between enthalpy and internal energy of the reaction. Calorimetric measurements of enthalpy and internal energy. Entropy variations in a system and in the universe. Calculation of entropy and Gibbs free energy Changes of state. Phase stability. Phases diagram. Discussion of phase diagrams of helium, water and carbon dioxide Binary mixtures. Molar partial quantities: Molar partial volume and molar partial Gibbs free energy Raoult's law. Henry's Law. Colligative properties Mixtures of volatile liquids. Vapor pressure/composition, boiling temperature/composition diagrams. Phase rule.
Main Bibliography	1. Engel, T. & Reid, P. Physical chemistry - Thermodynamics, statistical thermodynamics, and kinetics. (Pearson Education Limited, 2020). 2. Chang, R. & Thoman, J. W. Physical chemistry for the chemical sciences. (University Science Books, 2014). 3. Atkins, P. & Paula, J. de. Physical chemistry - Thermodynamics, structure, and change. (W. H. Freeman and Company, 2014). 4. Tinoco, I. et al. Physical Chemistry - Principles and applications in biological sciences. (Pearson Education Limited, 2014). 5. Atkins, P. W. & Paula, J. De. Physical chemistry for the life sciences. (2006). 6. Bhasin, S. K. Pharmaceutical physical chemistry - Theory and practices. (Pearson Education Limited, 2016).
Teaching Methodologies and Assessment Criteria	Physical chemistry is composed of theoretical, theoretical-practical and laboratory components. The student can obtain approval through continuous assessment or through final assessment in an exam. Continuous evaluation: Two assessment tests. The continuous assessment grade will be the average of the two frequency tests. (Assessment tests include all components of the curricular unit) Final assessment: Grade obtained in exam (The exam includes all components of the curricular unit) Final grade: The highest value among the results obtained in the continuous assessment and final assessment. Criteria for granting attendance: Attendance in 90% of classes taught. (T+TP) Attendance in 100% of laboratory classes. Average frequency tests >= 6 values Criteria for passing continuous assessment Attendance in 90% of classes taught. (T+TP) Attendance in 100% of laboratory classes. Average of frequency tests >= 10 values. Criteria for passing the final assessment: Exam grade >= 10 values.
Language	Portuguese. Tutorial support is available in English.