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Syllabus |
Epic and sapiential traditions of the Near East, Egypt, and the Bible as matrices of Greek thought.
Myth-poetic roots: orality, epic, tragedy and comedy; limits of doxography.
Sophistics: rhetoric, language, truth, and the polis.
Plato: knowledge, dialectic, ethics, and politics.
Aristotle: being, nature, teleology, and community.
Hellenistic schools: the good life and criteria of truth.
Plotinus and Neoplatonism: emanation and inner return.
Transition to Scholasticism.
Augustine: interiority, time, and will.
Apophatic theology: the ineffable.
Thomas Aquinas: Aristotelian-Christian synthesis.
Duns Scotus and Ockham: univocity, nominalism, and the end of Scholasticism.
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Main Bibliography |
- Épico de Gilgameš (Lisboa, 2017);
- Ancient Egyptian Literature, Volume I: The Old and Middle Kingdoms (Berkley, 1973);
- Kirk & Raven, Os Filósofos Pré-socráticos (Lisboa, 1972);
- Sofistas, Testemunhos e Fragmentos (Lisboa, 2005);
- Fédon (Coimbra, 1988);
- República (V-VII, X) (Lisboa, 2000);
- Banquete, (Lisboa, 1991);
- Fedro (Lisboa, 1997);
- Leis (V-VIII) (Lisboa, 2019)
- Metafísica (VII, XII) (Madrid, 1970);
- Política (I,II, III, VII) (Lisboa, 1998);
- Categorias, (Porto, 1995);
- Da Alma (II) (Lisboa, 2005);
- The Hellenistic philosophers, vol I, (Cambridge, 1987);
- Enneads (London, 1966–1988);
- Confissões (Lisboa, 2001).
- A Cidade de Deus, Vol. I (Lisboa, 1996).
- Pseudo-Dionísio, Teologia Mística (Porto, 1996).
- S. Boaventura, Recondução das Ciências à Teologia (Porto, 1996);
- Tomás de Aquino, O Ente e a Essência (Porto, 1995);
- João Duns Escoto, Tratado do Primeiro Princípio (Lisboa, 1998);
- Ockham, Philosophical Writings: A Selection (Indianapolis, 1990);
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Teaching Methodologies and Assessment Criteria |
Active participation in class — 10% of the final grade.
Continuous assessment of critical engagement in class discussions, the ability to make well-grounded contributions, and the quality of academic dialogue throughout the semester.
In-person written exam I — 40% of the final grade.
Scheduled for April 14, 2026.
In-person written exam II — 50% of the final grade.
Scheduled for June 2, 2026.
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